Financial Management in Banks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Money related Management in Banks - Essay Example It is supposed to be extremely basic since it diminishes the odds of misfortune and upgrades benefit desire. Like some other firm, a definitive goal of banks and money related establishments is to boost benefit and investor riches. Budgetary administration assumes a significant job in accomplishing these objectives in banks. The significant parts of budgetary administration, for example, capital planning, speculation examination, capital structure and hazard the board are some significant contemplations in banking tasks. Amplification of benefit and investor riches is just conceivable if banks play out its key exercises for example propelling advances and getting stores in a way that can limit the components of hazard. For this reason, the utilization of money related administration is significant in banks. The previous sections expand the utilization of monetary administration in banks for the expansion benefit and investor riches and the significance of hazard the board procedures in such manner. Budgetary administration is viewed as exceptionally critical when a bank embraces another undertaking or speculation. Venture and capital planning choices in banks are assumed the premise of positive NPV standard. It is a direct result of the way that it is predictable with the idea of investor riches amplification as a positive NPV implies increment in the normal bank incomes (Schroeck, 2002). Accordingly, when choices are assumed the premise of positive NPV, they are required to improve benefit just as investor riches as offer value augmentation. These new ventures and speculations greatly affect bank incomes, profit and investor riches. The utilization of money related administration capital planning methods help bank to balance out their pace of return and limit costs. Hazard the executives is one of the most basic parts of bank exercises. Overseeing hazard is significant with the end goal of benefit and investor riches boost. Banks go up against with loaning limit limitations and increasing expense of obtaining new assets. This makes it critical for banks to put their assets in a reasonable way by utilizing different hazard the board procedures (Froot and Stein, 1995). Hazard the board encourages a bank to decrease the unpredictability of its normal incomes and income and accordingly increment the odds of benefit and investor riches boost. It ensures a bank's stock cost to change in light of market vulnerabilities and settles return on value. Hazard the board can likewise prompt decrease of cost of capital as it empowers banks to proactively gain enough assets to meet its future venture needs. Investor esteem is additionally secured as hazard the executives procedures forestall variances in the market estimation of banks (Schroeck, 2002). Expanding rivalry in banking segment because of consistently expanding number of banks is additionally turning into the significant wellspring of hazard. Banks stay prepared to propel advances without separating total data on borrowers' ability and FICO assessment. This prompts increment in bank's credit chance in light of the fact that most borrowers neglect to take care of the advances they secure (Marquez, 2002). The hazard in the financial division has expanded a great deal in the ongoing year. Numerous

Complexometric Determination of Water Hardnesss Essay

Presentation/Background: This lab was tied in with deciding water hardness. Water hardness is the measure of metal particles in the water. The most widely recognized discovered particle in the water is calcium particles and normally with a charge of +2. Water hardness plays a major noteworthiness in our day by day life in light of the fact that to many metal particles in our drinking water can effectsly affect our body. You can quantify the water hardness by EDTA titrations. EDTA is a disodium salt that represents ethylenediaminetetraacetic corrosive and it is a chelating operator. Chelation is the procedure of a ligand shapes a complex with a metal particle. Eriochrome Black T is a marker you add to the water test that will turn the water pink if metal particles exist. Through the procedure of titration, cautiously adding EDTA to the water test with the Eriochrome Black T will make a concoction response happen, gradually changing the water shading from pink to violet and afterward violet to a light blue whi ch will be the finish of the synthetic response. When the titration is finished you can compute your water hardness. Above in the equation V speaks to the genuine conveyed volume of Na2EDTA arrangement and M is your real molarity. Systems: Start by getting ready 500mL of 0.004 disodium EDTA arrangement. This is the thing that will be added to the buret. Next take a 250-mL Erlenmeyer jar and include 10.00mL of normalized calcium and 30mL of deionized water. Spot an attractive mix bar in the cup and set on a bit of white paper on an attractive stirrer. After spot 3mL of smelling salts/ammonium chloride cushion (pH10) inside the jar and let it mix for thirty seconds. In conclusion include four drops of Eriochrome Black T pointer to the arrangement which will turn it a pink shading. Start titration and watch as the shading changes from pink to violet and afterward violet to a light blue shading. Record the information when the shading turns a light blue and rehash the procedure two additional occasions. Fill the buret with the equivalent 500mL of 0.004 disodium EDTA arrangement. Take 25.00mL of an obscure water test and add it to a 250mL Erlenmeyer cup. Blend in 20mL of deionized water. Set an attractive mix bar inside the arrangement and spot on the attractive stirrer. Next include 3mL of smelling salts/ammonium chloride support (pH10). Following thirty seconds of blending include four drops of the Eriochrome Back T marker and watch as the arrangement turns pink. Start your titration by gradually including little beads of the 0.004 disodium EDTA arrangement. The shading will gradually change to a violet shading and afterward to a blue shading which will be the halting point. Record the information and rehash two additional occasions. With the information gathered figures the hardness of each example, at that point the normal water hardness of every one of the three examples, and in conclusion the exactness of every preliminary. Contrast your information with the normal scope of a nearby urban areas water hardness. Results and Discussion: The initial three titrations included the realized Calcium stock, titration 1 utilized 22.91ml of Na2EDTA arrangement before the titration complete. The subsequent Titration utilized 21.91ml while the third and last utilized 21.55ml of arrangement. During the method a 250ml Erlenmeyer flagon was utilized just as a 50ml burette, the buret was loaded up with our Na2EDTA arrangement while the cup was loaded up with 30ml of DI water, 3ml of smelling salts, and 4 drops of a pointer, for this situation Eriochrome Black T. Exploratory blunder was determined by taking the aggregate of every single outright deviation/3 than separated by the mean convergence of Na2EDTA, for this situation the mean fixation was .00452M, and finally, duplicated by 1000 to find the solution in PPT. Table 1 beneath shows the readings of the two arrangements when titration. The mean convergence of these titrations is 0.00452, This figure was utilized to discover the evaluated exactness which came out to 23.270% off of 100% importance the test was 76.73% precise. At last the volume of the obscure was determined to discover the ppm for every titration and the mean of each of the three titrations was utilized to discover the assessed accuracy of the obscure in ppm. The mean in ppm for the obscure came to 212ppm, this number was connected to the condition for evaluated accuracy which is the whole of all total worth deviations/number of preliminaries, which is all separation by the mean and duplicated by 1000ppt. The last figure came out to 25.2% off of 100% implying that the test was 74.8% precise. All in all the water hardness of an answer can be found by titrating a realized arrangement containing metal particles and utilizing a chelating operator, for example, EDTA to decide the pollutions of every one of the water tests. Likewise, utilizing the information gathered from every titration the focus and mean can be found from every titration and used to decide the water hardness in ppm. The assessed exactness of this trial can be found by running different titrations on a similar example more than one time. The outcomes acquired in this investigation incorporate a mean focus for the Calcium supply of .00452M, and an expected exactness of 76.73% and the normal water hardness was 400.39ppm. The evaluated exactness for the obscure was 74.8% and a normal water hardness of 204ppm. In this test 500ml of a known arrangement EDTA was readied; a 10ml pipet was utilized to move a standard calcium particle stock arrangement into a 250ml Erlenmeyer jar. 30ml of DI water was added to the carafe and the substance were than mixed utilizing an attractive stirrer and mixing bar. 3ml of Ammonia was added to the flagon blended for a couple of moments underneath the smoke hood and 4 drops of a marker was included, for this situation Eriochrome Black T. The substance of the flagon were mixed for thirty seconds before titration started, as the titration advanced, the shading changed from pink to violet lastly to a sky blue shading showing that the titration was finished. This procedure was finished with minor changes for the Unknown #141, 25ml of the obscure was set in the jar and 20ml of Di water was utilized as opposed to 30ml, the remainder of the titration be that as it may, utilized indistinguishable strides from above. Work Cited Klenck, Thomas. â€Å"How It Works: Water Softener.† Popular Mechanics 1 Aug. 1998: n. pag. Web. Our Lab guidance sheet

Measuring Organizational Climate Essay Example

Estimating Organizational Climate Essay CONTENT: from where you get the Appendix Estimating Organizational Climate Name: Course: We will compose a custom paper test on Measuring Organizational Climate explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Measuring Organizational Climate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Measuring Organizational Climate explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Date: Official Summary Authoritative atmosphere alludes to the mutual qualities and observations representatives have towards the association. The qualities and contemplations with respect to the firm rotate around an assortment of measurements that have an impact on the exhibition and perspectives of the representatives. Thusly, such statements can have a positive or negative impact on the efficiency of the organization. So as to decide the measurements, scientists have found a few assumptions that reutilized to characterize study and measure the atmosphere of an association. The suggestions for the most part spin around various methodologies, the degrees of an organization’s atmosphere just as techniques used to quantify authoritative atmosphere. The improvement of the rule for the definition, study and estimation of hierarchical atmosphere empowers one to see verifiably about the affirmation of authoritative atmosphere and impacts of the hypothesis on the workforce. Besides, having satisfactory information on authoritative atmosphere empowers the administration to decide the characteristics and musings of representatives. By knowing such measurements, the board can make and find thorough all-inclusive strategies that can build the money related execution of the firm, increment union among the laborers and increment representative profitability in the association. Writing Review Authoritative atmosphere alludes to the procedure used to experience quantitative appraisal of the way of life of an association. Hierarchical atmosphere is the view of the people in the association with respect to the work environment condition (Robbins, 2002). It is involved the diagram of mentalities and characteristics that impact people’s hierarchical experience. For example, the firm’s atmosphere may incorporate clash among laborers and execution gauges. Such encounters impact the capacities of workers and affect their profitability. With the end goal for the executives to decide the impacts, authoritative atmosphere requires to be estimated. By estimating hierarchical atmosphere, the administration will have the option to regulate the different measurements enveloping the association. Ways to deal with Organizational Climate Specialists, assessors and experts, have made techniques for estimating hierarchical atmosphere. Such techniques measure theoretical components of the representatives in the association. These mental measurements incorporate variables incorporate resolve, correspondence adequacy, transparency, representative inspiration and foundation of jobs in the association. Notwithstanding, such factors are not by any means the only factors that can be utilized to quantify the atmosphere of an association. As indicated by Ashkanasy et al., (2000), it is critical to understand authoritative atmospheres so as to fathom the impacts of the hierarchical structure. A few methodologies were made to comprehend the hierarchical atmosphere significantly. The main methodology, basic methodology, empowers one to see the association as a target arrangement contained credits alluding to the externality of the association. Characteristics, for example, the size of the association, the order and the controlling arrangements are among factors that characterize an organization’s structure. These legitimate conditions decide the employees’ perspectives, observations and estimations of the occasions in the association. In any case, pundits have contended against this methodology stating that its legitimacy is flawed since it doesn't give exact strategies for estimating an organization’s atmosphere. Besides, the basic methodology just thinks about the structure of the association: consequently, it doesn't factor in the person’s considerations with respect to the qualities of the association (MacCormick Parker, 2010). The subsequent methodology, perceptual methodology is increasingly arranged towards human asset the executives. This is on the grounds that the methodology centers around the people in the association. The hypothesis gathers that people are influenced by either their observations or mental impression they append to the attributes of the association. In this manner, the methodology is seen as humanistic since atmosphere depends on a person’s recognition (Ashkanasy et al., 2000). In spite of the methodology digging towards the work asset of an association, it is as yet dependent upon analysis. Premier, the chief reason for atmosphere is arranged primarily in people, in this manner disposing of the probability of a structure theory. Hence, the hypothesis can't be seen as a property. The subsequent analysis attests that the methodology assumes that people join significance to occasions and procedures in the association. Subsequently, the methodology dismisses that the occasions an d procedures can result from the interface between individuals from the association. The third methodology, intuitive methodology, consolidates the two methodologies getting the primary parts of the speculations to make one in number way to deal with hierarchical atmosphere. The methodology depends on the objectivism upheld for by the basic methodology just as the subjectivism vouched for by the perceptual methodology. The key proposition of the intelligent hypothesis verges on the causative variables of the hierarchical atmosphere (Burton, 2004). It expect that the relations between people with reaction to authoritative circumstances brings about the aggregate understanding of individuals from the association. Thusly, the understanding between authoritative individuals makes hierarchical atmosphere. Thus, the intuitive methodology relates the perceptual and auxiliary perspectives since it perceives importance is molded when an individual deliberately cooperates with others and items since it gives significance to both of the two. The finishing up approach relates the authoritative atmosphere with the way of life in the association. The methodology doesn't concentrate on the conventional constituents of the associations, the intelligent, basic and perceptual methodologies. Or maybe, the methodology centers around the hierarchical convictions and practices. Moreover, the social methodology attests that the authoritative atmosphere results from the common recognitions people share as they figure out how to manage the requests of the association (Alvesson, 2002). The methodology underlines on the standard of the intelligent methodology concurring with it that the connection of people in the association contributes the hierarchical atmosphere. Be that as it may, the methodology additionally factors in the job of authoritative culture in the advancement of an organization’s atmosphere. This is on the grounds that the convictions and practices of people in the association impact their qualities and observatio ns with respect to different parts of the association. Measurements of Organizational Climate So as to decide the substantial measurements that contain authoritative atmosphere, it is principal to perceive the various levels under which hierarchical atmosphere depends on. As per James (2008), mental atmosphere involves hierarchical atmosphere in light of the fact that the atmosphere is regarded an individual trait. Furthermore, mental atmosphere clarifies the individual observations and depictions in regards to the arrangements and strategies of the association. Moreover, the mental idea is incorporated into the system of authoritative atmosphere, which verges on the discerning references of the people inside the association. Thumin and Thumin (2011) give another degree of atmosphere towards the idea of authoritative atmosphere. The gathering atmosphere alludes to the characteristics saw by an association or its parts. Along these lines, bunch atmosphere results from the techniques utilized by the association to control its individuals. Furthermore, hierarchical atmosphere is expected to have created to a gathering quality from a property described by a person in an association. As previously mentioned, the definitions and speculations towards authoritative atmosphere are different. Besides, the methodologies additionally impact the measurements which are the measures used to decide an organization’s atmosphere. Regardless of the effect of the methodologies, specialists utilize different determinants in the estimation of hierarchical atmosphere. Moreover, explore has distinguished various measurements, however in this examination, it is imperative to think about the most major measurements in many associations. Essential Research To quantify hierarchical atmosphere, inquire about requires a speculation to help the primary target of the appraisal. The speculation defined for the exploration showed a solid connection between measurements in the association and the hierarchical atmosphere. Technique In the examination, a spellbinding overview was utilized in a little Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Center, in the province of Florida. The information assembled was essential. Polls were finished up electronically. The medium used was intranet since the overview was completed inside the association. In addition, the study would be liberated from outside predisposition. The principle reason for utilizing the review was to direct cost and time of the firm and the representatives (Gordon, 2004). The example included 500 workers around the district. The estimating device was an approved poll structured particularly for the association. The model used for the survey was the 12-factor model, which included 10 measurements. The 10 measurements fused in the model involved activity fulfillment, remun

Internation cultural and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internation social and correspondence - Essay Example At this crossroads, organizations are presented to expanded social and monetary situations (Checkland, 2013). Without the pith of successful methods for correspondence, global organizations can't obtain sufficient representative voice required for animating long haul business development. This paper will make a hypothetical just as experimental investigation about manners by which authoritative culture and correspondence process help to make expanded representative voice. Worker voice is a term that alludes to the degree of representative investment in the dynamic procedure of an association. It is accepted that accomplishment of an organization in the two its household and outside business sectors generously relies upon effectiveness of its factor assets. Among all assets, human capital (work asset) is generally critical, given that this assists with channelizing other beneficial assets of the firm. Along these lines, it is profoundly normal to break down the correspondence and soci al methods for an association, which help with overseeing human workforce all the more productively (Carter, et al., 2013). It is noticed that a global association can fuse better frameworks of worker portrayal by empowering improved representative support. Strategies presented by the open specialists of various economies, for example, the New Labor strategy of 1997, European Social Policy and the Employee Information and Consultation Rights, guarantee satisfaction of employee’s interests in the working environments (Johansson, 2013). Such government presented arrangements have straightforwardly impacted voice of the representatives and have additionally by implication influenced the workplace wherein voicing forces of the laborers can be worked out. Voice is a typical word utilized in the investigations of Human Resource Management (HRM). A famous global business social model was presented by Howard V. Perlmutter. It was known as the EPG model and included ethnocentric, geocentric and polycentric measurements to clarify

The Magic of Getting Involved

The Magic of Getting Involved In the first few weeks or months of your time at the University of Illinois, you may find it beneficial to seek out opportunities to become more involved with your major outside of the classroom and regular homework. Finding organizations, part-time jobs, and internships that support your major and interests will be a great help in your understanding of what youre studying. Real-world, hands-on experience adds a dimension to the college experience that cant be overlooked. You will also find that meeting other people who are gaining the same kind of experience will be a fantastic way to increase your network. Knowing others in your field and working on projects with these people can open doors for you later on. Who knows? Someday down the line, you might be searching for a job or internship, or maybe you will need help with a project that requires a skillset broader than your own. A connection you made through getting involved on campus could be the key to making your project or job h unting experience the best it can be. Getting involved starts at Quad Day, an organization fair held on the Quad at the beginning of each fall semester. With so many registered student organizations (RSOs) across every major and interest reaching out to students at this large event on the Quad, it is not hard to find a group that will spark your interest. Throughout college, you may also find that the best extracurricular experiences you have are the ones that you never expected. You may have friends or acquaintances that encourage you to connect with organizations and projects that may help you to gain valuable experience. The key is to keep an open mind and to always put your best foot forward. While there will occasionally be things that just dont work out, other opportunities will fall into place perfectly. The University of Illinois is the perfect place to get involved outside the classroom. Our large and diverse student body represents an amazing amount of interests and paths that can provide a student with many unique opportunities to support and contribute to amazing work. Your resume will soon be filled with the advancements you made throughout college, which will help you to reach the heights of the career that you choose. Now is the time to explore and achieve. The road ahead is filled with possibilities. Jacob Class of 2019 I’m an Advertising student within the College of Media. My hometown is a place called Fairmount, Illinois, which is about 30 minutes from campus. I began my Illinois journey in the Division of General Studies.

New SAT Essay Rhetoric Concepts SAT Video

Rhetoric The new SAT essay is a major departure from what went before. Instead of analyzing a topic (â€Å"A true hero speaks her mind when others are afraid to†), you will have to analyze a writer’s analysis of a complex issue. The essays will all be over 400 words long and will be aimed to persuade an audience. Your job is to analyze how the author does this. Of course, it helps to understand the tools any writer or speaker uses to convince his or her audience. To do so, I’m going to introduce three very important terms from rhetoric. You don’t have to quote these terms. Rather, you should understand how an author will use a mixture of these to make a certain point. Pathos Pathos means feeling. In order to convince others, a writer will appeal to his audience’s emotions. Compare the following: We should stop hurting the environment. It is not good for long-term sustainability of the human race. Smug that climate change hasn’t compromised made your standard of living? Well, look into the eyes of a 5-year old and tell her that when she is older and has children that they will live in a world of extreme scarcity and want, all because the current generations weren’t ready to make sacrifices. Sure, I laid it on a little bit thick in that last example. But the point is to make it very different from the first example, which is clinical and as dry as the Sahara. The second example is clearly going for our heartstrings. And while you might think it over-the-top, it is far more persuasive than the first example. Now, when the author describes specific evidence for climate change, we are much more likely to pay attention. But specific evidence isn’t pathos; it’s logos. I’ll discuss that next. Logos Pathos goes for the heart; logos goes for the head. Whenever a writer uses a logical argument, he is trying to persuade us through logos. To return to the climate change example, here is one possibility: If we assume that we’ve done enough to help the environment, that complacent attitude might actually hurt us—even if we have made significant gains in the last 20 years. Specific evidence would fall under logos, too, if it supports the logical assertion. For instance, if the author of the excerpt above (actually, I wrote that, but that’s not the point) were to give some specific facts about how we’ve started to slack off lately in terms of the strictness of certain environmental protocols, he is still appealing to our sense of logic, or logos. Ethos Ethos is authority. In other words, who is doing the persuading makes a huge difference. A second ago, I said that I wrote bit on climate change. The credibility of that sentence instantly plummeted as soon as you learned that. Had I said this was pulled from a recent book by an esteemed Harvard climatologist, you’d be much more likely to nod along earnestly while reading the sentence. Writers and speakers will often use ethos by drawing direct attention to their credentials. Often, they will cite evidence from notable figures, making sure to attach every Ph.D. doctorate, and Ivy League school at the end. The more impressive somebody appears, the more likely we are to believe what he or she says. That is the essence of ethos.

The Industrial Revolution And The Changing Of The Face Of...

The Industrial Revolution and the changing of the face of England As a result of the Industrial Revolution, England experienced a change in almost all aspects of life and how it was lived. During the late 18th and Early 19th centuries, advances in scientific and technological innovations engaged England in a growth of all things. Agriculture, industrial production, economic expansion and changes in living conditions were the most affected, as advances in machinery all happened very quickly. The Industrial Revolution, simply, is the time at which Europe and America became industrial and urbanised areas. Prior to the 18th century, the manufacturing of goods was often done in people s homes, using hand tools or exceedingly basic machines.†¦show more content†¦England had bountiful quantities of all of these things, and this is why they were able to move to a new way of life. Furthermore, England was able to obtain valuable raw materials such as expensive types of wood and cotton from colonies nearby. Because England is an island and detached from Europe, it was not destroyed by the 18th century wars, though it did participate in them. Because of this, the availability of the resources needed for the revolution was at an all-time high. The Industrial Revolution first started in the English textile companies, because of the heavy demand for cloth. In this case, power means the amount of energy that can be applied to work. The new source of power for the Revolution was steam, formed by the heating of water. Because steam power can be used to drive an engine and operate machinery, the steam engine made the tremendous industrial expansion of the 19th and 20th centuries possible. The Industrial Revolution brought a greater volume and variety of factory-produced goods to the communities around England, and raised the standard of living for many people, especially those living in the middle and upper classes. However, those living the poor and working classes continued to experience great challenges. Wages for those who worked in main factories were low and working conditions were often very dangerous. Inexperienced and unskilled workers had little job security and were often replaced almost

Warsaw Pact Definition, History, and Significance

The Warsaw Pact was a mutual defense treaty between the Soviet Union (USSR) and seven Soviet satellite nations of Eastern Europe signed in Warsaw, Poland, on May 14, 1955, and disbanded in 1991. Officially known as the â€Å"Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance,† the alliance was proposed by the Soviet Union to counter the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a similar security alliance between the United States, Canada, and Western European nations established in 1949. The communist nations of the Warsaw Pact were referred to as the Eastern Bloc, while the democratic nations of NATO made up the Western Bloc during the Cold War. Key Takeaways The Warsaw Pact was a Cold War-era mutual defense treaty signed on May 14, 1955, by the Eastern European nations of the Soviet Union and seven communist Soviet satellite nations of Albania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and the German Democratic Republic.The Soviet Union orchestrated the Warsaw Pact (the Eastern Bloc) to counter the 1949 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) alliance between the United States, Canada and Western European nations (the Western Bloc).The Warsaw Pact was terminated on July 1, 1991, at the end of the Cold War. Warsaw Pact Countries The original signatories to the Warsaw Pact treaty were the Soviet Union and the Soviet satellite nations of Albania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and the German Democratic Republic. Seeing the NATO Western Bloc as a security threat, the eight Warsaw Pact nations all pledged to defend any other member nation or nations that came under attack. The member nations also agreed to respect each other’s national sovereignty and political independence by not intervening in each other’s internal affairs. In practice, however, the Soviet Union, due to its political and military dominance in the region, indirectly controlled most of the governments of the seven satellite nations. Warsaw Pact History In January 1949, the Soviet Union had formed â€Å"Comecon,† the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, an organization for the post-World War II recovery and advancement of the economies of the eight communist nations of Central and Eastern Europe. When West Germany joined NATO on May 6, 1955, the Soviet Union viewed the growing strength of NATO and a freshly rearmed West Germany as a threat to communist control. Just one week later, on May 14, 1955, the Warsaw Pact was established as a mutual military defense complement of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. The Soviet Union hoped the Warsaw Pact would help it contain West Germany and allow it to negotiate with NATO on a level playing field of power. In addition, Soviet leaders hoped a unified, multilateral political and military alliance would help them reign in the growing civil unrest in Eastern European countries by strengthening the ties between the Eastern European capitals and Moscow. The Warsaw Pact During the Cold War Fortunately, the closest the Warsaw Pact and NATO ever came to actual war against each other during the Cold War years from 1995 to 1991 was the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. Instead, Warsaw Pact troops were more commonly used for maintaining communist rule within the Eastern Bloc itself.  When Hungary tried to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact in 1956, Soviet troops entered the country and removed the Hungarian People’s Republic government. Soviet troops then put down the nationwide revolution, killing an estimated 2,500 Hungarian citizens in the process. Czech Youth Runs Past Invading Soviet Tank with Bloody Flag. Getty Images In August 1968, approximately 250,000 Warsaw Pact troops from the Soviet Union, Poland, Bulgaria, East Germany, and Hungary invaded Czechoslovakia. The invasion was triggered by Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev’s concerns when the Czechoslovakian government of political reformer Alexander DubÄ ek restored freedom of the press and ended government surveillance of the people. DubÄ ek’s so-called â€Å"Prague Spring† of freedom ended after Warsaw Pact troops occupied the country, killing over 100 Czechoslovakian civilians and wounding another 500. Just one month later, the Soviet Union issued the Brezhnev Doctrine specifically authorizing the use of Warsaw Pact troops—under Soviet command—to intervene in any Eastern Bloc nation considered to pose a threat to Soviet-communist rule. End of the Cold War and the Warsaw Pact Between 1968 and 1989, Soviet control over the Warsaw Pact satellite nations slowly eroded. Public discontent had forced many of their communist governments from power. During the 1970s, a period of dà ©tente with the United States lowered tensions between the Cold War superpowers. In November 1989, the Berlin Wall came down and communist governments in Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Romania, and Bulgaria started to fall. Within the Soviet Union itself, the â€Å"openness† and â€Å"restructuring† political and social reforms of glasnost and perestroika under Mikhail Gorbachev foretold the eventual collapse of the USSR’s communist government   As the end of the Cold War neared, troops of the once-communist Warsaw Pact satellite states of Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary fought alongside U.S.-led forces to liberate Kuwait in the First Gulf War in 1990.   On July 1, 1991, Czechoslovak President, Vaclav Havel formally declared the Warsaw Pact disbanded after 36 years of military alliance with the Soviet Union. In December 1991, the Soviet Union was officially dissolved to become internationally recognized as Russia.   Sources â€Å"Germany’s accession to NATO: 50 years on.† NATO Review.â€Å"The Hungarian Uprising of 1956.† The History Learning SitePercival, Matthew. â€Å"Hungarian revolution, 60 years on: How I fled Soviet tanks in a hay cart.† CNN (October 23, 2016). â€Å"Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia, 1968.† U.S. Department of State. Office of the Historian.Santora, Marc. â€Å"50 Years After Prague Spring.† New York Times (August 20, 2018).Greenhouse, Steven. â€Å"Death Knell Rings for Warsaw Pact.† New York Times (July 2, 1991).

A Body And Mind Dichotomy, Or Cartesian Daulism - 1617 Words

In short, subscribing to a body and mind dichotomy, or Cartesian Daulism, provides us with some unique situations. Firstly, those seeking sexual reassignment surgery – whatever that entails – does not call for justification as to the type of surgery they choose, other than their own need as dictated by their minds. This means that one’s innateness is determined by one’s mind, and as such, is not open to external denunciation. This is to say that there is no way to invalidate one’s thoughts, or one’s mind. The moment a stated declaration of one’s identity is made, aside from finding inconsistencies with their statements, their testimony as to their identity stands. This means that innateness is one’s thoughts, feelings, and desires, and thus, identity. And as such this identity is only discernable by expression thereof. In other words, the only way to know what one’s innateness entails is to attend to their expressions, to what they think and feel. Secondly, in trusting one’s account of their thoughts, feelings, and desires, it allows for anyone experiencing any state of unease to make the same claim. Any person can make the claim that they are experiencing a dysphoria that needs to be remedied through surgery. For in giving prominence to the mind, one surgery can become equivalent to another, assuming that the state of mind is the same. This would, or rather could make, say breast implants, just as vital to one’s identity as transsexualism, providing that they can articulate

Stan Musial Essay - 1684 Words

Name: Stan Musial Bith Date: December 21, 1920 Death Date: Place of Birth: Donora, Pennsylvania, United States of America Nationality: American Gender: Male Occupations: baseball player Stan Musial Stan Musial (born 1920), one of baseballs greatest hitters, enjoyed an extraordinary career with the St. Louis Cardinals from 1941 through 1963. Called Stan the Man because of his intimidating presence at the plate, Musial won seven batting championships and three Most Valuable Player awards. Accommodating to fans and the media both during and after his playing career, Musial was considered one of the games most gentlemanly and down-to-earth ambassadors. He came from rural Pennsylvania, never graduated from high school, and†¦show more content†¦They horsed around more, cut up with hillbilly songs and musical instruments. ... I never had the courage to try my harmonica outside my hotel room, but I could make my share of noise with that slide whistle and coat hanger. I always thought it helped to laugh it up before a game, not to become too tense. Led by Musials hot bat, the loose, inexperienced Cardinals surprised everyone by winning 106 games, including 43 of their last 52, to claim the National League pennant. Then St. Louis beat the favored Yankees in the World Series, and Musial was on a world championship team in his first full season. Musial was disliked by Brooklyn Dodgers fans, who bestowed his nickname. Groaning when he came up to bat in key situations, they would yell: Oh no. Here comes that Man again. From then on, he was always Stan the Man. Musial didnt find out till after he retired that Dodgers shortstop, Pee Wee Reese, often used to steal his bat before games. Musial had an unorthodox batting stance. He crouched down to make the strike zone smaller, held his hands back until the last possible instant, and punched many of his hits the opposite way. A lot of guys saw my hitting style and said Id never hit in the big leagues, Musial recalled. In fact, Musial feasted on all types of pitching. I learned early to hit the curveball, Musial wrote in hisShow MoreRelatedPaytons Babe Ruth1006 Words   |  4 Pagescompetitive, exciting and full of memorable moments. Baseball is one of Americas most popular sports. It takes skilled players to make the game entertaining and fun. Some skilled players include: Jackie Robinson, Ty Cobb, Willie Mays, Lou Gehrig and Stan Musial. But none of these players are as good as Babe Ruth. George Herman Ruth was born on February 6, 1895 in a small house in Baltimore, Maryland. George grew up a bum, living on the streets of the Baltimore waterfront. George was a disrespectful kidRead MoreAmerica s Favorite Pastime And Jackie Robinson Essay1661 Words   |  7 Pagescivil rights movements. The game has seen it all. There have been great players who have put their career’s on hold to fight for their country. â€Å"More than 500 major league baseball players during World War II, including stars like Ted Williams, Stan Musial and Joe DiMaggio†. There is one player that didn’t have to put his career on hold to fight for his country. He fought for his country simply by playing baseball. His name is Jackie Robinson the first African American player in Major League BaseballRead MorePersonal Narrative : My Sister, Kampbell1819 Words   |  8 PagesBP, in Hermann, and get something to drink. After a while on Interstate 70, we decided to stop and get something to eat at Chick-fil-A in Warrenton, MO. Once we hit the road again, we didn’t see much, but I will never forget when we crossed the Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge, over the Mississippi River, into Illinois because i t was the first time we have ever driven a car over the Mississippi River. About the time when we got to Mt Vernon, Illinois, I asked my mom if we could go to the Louisville

Eth125 R8 Disability Diversity Free Essays

Associate Program Material Aging and Disability Worksheet Part I Identify 2 or 3 issues faced by the aging population. 1. Lack of security for the future (social security dwindling) 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Eth125 R8 Disability Diversity or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unable to afford being able to retire 3. Being alone Answer the following questions in 100 to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. †¢ What is ageism? How does ageism influence the presence of diversity in society? Ageism is prejudice or discrimination against a particular age-group, especially the elderly. Ageism influences the presence of diversity because those who are affected by ageism within their career may lose their job due to newer, younger, cheaper people coming into the workplace to take over their current position. Which may leave those who are older without proper insurance to take care of their aging bodies which could result in earlier deaths and a lack of diversity in the world. Also when the younger generation takes over positions in the workplace that workplace will have a lack of diversity as well. http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/ageism What is the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA)? How does the ADEA address issues for the aging population? The Age Discrimination in Employment Act was put into place in 1967 to prohibit discrimination of people over the age of 40 in the work place. The ADEA addresses issues for the aging population by making it illegal to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual or otherwise discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual’s age. Also it makes it illegal to limit, segregate, or classify his employees in any way which would deprive or tend to deprive any individual of employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect his status as an employee, because of such individual’s age. http://www. eeoc. gov/laws/statutes/adea. cfm †¢ What is being done to address the issues you identified? The ADEA had put many laws in affect to make it illegal to discriminate someone for their age. It also has been recommended to Congress to have education and research programs. These programs shall research, and promote research, with a view to reducing barriers to the employment of older persons, and the promotion of measures for utilizing their skills. They will also publish and otherwise make available to employers, professional societies, the various media of communication, and other interested persons the findings of studies and other materials for the promotion of employment and foster through the public employment service system and through cooperative effort the development of facilities of public and private agencies for expanding the opportunities and potentials of older persons. ttp://www. eeoc. gov/laws/statutes/adea. cfm †¢ Is the number of aging population expected to rise in numbers or decrease? The number of aging population is expected to rise in numbers. â€Å"With baby boomers approaching retirement, the 65-and-over population in the United States could increase nearly 80 percent by 2025. During the same period, there will be just 1 5 percent more working-age adults and 15 percent more children younger than 15. † With the number of baby boomers approaching retirement there will be a strain put on social ecurity and other benefits made available to those who are senior citizens. This will cause problems to those retire after them. There is no certainty that things like social security will last through the baby boomers and be around when the next generation retires. http://www. globalaging. org/elderrights/us/populationrise. htm †¢ What types of legislation may or may not be affected by the aging population? Two major pieces of legislature that will be affected by the aging population is pension provision and health care. With both pension and health care the key issues that will cause issues is that the number of people working and paying taxes to fun pension and health care programs is going to dramatically decrease as the baby boomers retire and as they retire the amount of people uses these services in going to see an increase. Legislation regarding items such as criminals is unlikely to have any effect on the aging population. While there are some laws in certain states requiring older people to retake their drivers test each year or every two years a country wide law could also affect the aging population as well. How does poverty affect the aging population? Poverty affects the aging population in many different ways. Since people are living longer and with that resources are decreasing as time goes on and the elderly have fewer and fewer choices for finding help with finances and health related issues, which results in substandard medical care. Having substandard medical care can result in sub par health and either suffering due to a medical condition or death from a medical condition that could have been treating if better medical care was available to them. Another affect poverty has is subpar housing and the ability to provide food for themselves due to a lack of income and the fact that many programs meant to help have strict guidelines or are disappearing all together. Part II Answer the following questions in 100 to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use. †¢ What does the ADA provide for people with disabilities? The ADA’s goal is to provide equality to people with disabilities and protect them from any discrimination that they may be faced with. The ADA provides protection to those with disabilities in the workplace where there is a possibility they could be discriminated against and be fired, or passed over for a job. The ADA also insures that public structures are accessible to those with disabilities. By doing this it allows people with disabilities to feel more like equals by having protection from discrimination and the ability to enjoy the same things their friends do such as going to restaurants and the mall. http://www. ada. gov/qaeng02. tm †¢ How have people with disabilities been treated in the past? In the past people with disabilities have been treated unfairly and have faced discrimination. In recent years things have been improving but there is still work to be done. There are still a few buildings that are not handicap accessible. Some may be included in the exclusion under the ADA such as historical buildings but there are some who are â€Å"flying under the radar† and until a problem arises they will continue on with their business. Another problem people with disabilities faced was discrimination in the work place. They were often not chosen for jobs because they were not able to perform them with accommodations. While this may still occur with the ADA it makes it illegal. †¢ How has the attitude toward people with disabilities changed over time? In earlier years people with disabilities were often placed into institutions and were then forgotten about which resulted in them living in unsafe and unsanitary conditions. Many of them were abused, neglected or murdered by their own families or by the people who worked at the institutions. They were called â€Å"retarded†. Today discrimination towards those with disabilities still does exist the condition of the homes in which some disabled live is acceptable and some with disabilities are able to have happy healthy lives with little or no accommodations made. Some neglect and abuse still does occur but the days of forced sterilization are over. What are some unique circumstances or issues encountered by people with disabilities? There are many unique circumstances or issues encountered by people with disabilities. Little people definetelty face many of these unique circumstances. Just going to a restaurant or even a friend’s house provides issues for little people to be able to get around safely by car or being able to see on top of counters and reach things like sinks. People in wheelchairs also face some unusual circumstances off their own. Just like little people they also may encounter problems reaching counters and sinks, and traveling. Just imagine trying to navigate your wheelchair across a snowy parking lot or sidewalk to get to your favorite restaurant. †¢ What is being done to address those issues? Many public places have smaller toilets and sinks that help children and little people be able to reach the sinks and toilets with ease. Adding these little things help not only the little people community but also help children becomes more independent. Many public places also have wheelchair assessable sinks that allow them to pull their chairs right up and under the sink to allow them to reach it with ease. Handicap accessible parking spot allow for all people with disabilities to park closer to reduce the amount they have to walk thus reducing the amount of accidents that could occur. †¢ What types of legislation have been introduced to address issues faced by people with disabilities? On January 23, 1990 Congress passed the â€Å"Americans with Disabilities Act† (ADA) it provided protection for people with disabilities in many aspects of their lives. In 1988 the Fair Housing Act was amended to include people with disabilities and families with children with disabilities. In 1973 the Rehabilitation act prohibited discrimination against someone with a disability by anyone receiving federal assistance, but it did not cover discrimination by employers, public accommodations in the private sector, publicly funded programs or those providing federal financial assistance. Protection for all disabilities did not take place until the Americans with Disabilities Act passed. CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with and acknowledge my responsibilities, which are part of the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else. I have identified the sources of all information whether quoted verbatim or paraphrased, all images, and all quotations with citations and reference listings. Along with citations and reference listings, I have used quotation marks to identify quotations of fewer than 40 words and have used block indentation for quotations of 40 or more words. Nothing in this assignment violates copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property laws. I further agree that my name typed  on the line below is intended to have, and shall have, the same validity as my handwritten signature. Student’s  signature (name typed here is equivalent to a signature): Skyye Smith How to cite Eth125 R8 Disability Diversity, Essay examples

Malaica Hotels Decarbonising Strategy Free Solution

Question: Discuss about theMalaica Hotels Decarbonising Strategy. Answer: Introduction Energy is responsible for 60% of many organizations carbon footprint, and hotels can reduce this percentage by using low-cost but highly efficeint green energy initiatives that will produce excellent results (How to reduce energy, 2015). Hotels are taking action to keep their hotels in business and reduce the impact of their activities on the environment but they do not have enough tools to make sure their structures are constrained regarding their sustainability standards. One way in which they can strengthen the value of their brands sustainability policies is by including sustainability clauses in their operating agreements that define the measures that can be included, and their mode of regulation (Ricaurte, 2011). Energy is easy to monitor, control and reduce. Hotels can calculate their carbon footprint using the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative (HMCI) tool (Carbon calculation, 2014). Green hotels are properties that can be sustainable environmentally, with the management bei ng willing to put measures in place that save on water, energy, and reduce waste accrued form solid matter as it saves money to protect the earth (Green Hotels Association, n.d). Malaica Hotel understands that bold steps in energy conservation have to be taken in order for the hotel to rise above its competition and stay relevant in the industry. One of its goals is to decarbonise hotel operations and use energy saving measures. It is a 4-star hotel that has many facilities and amenities, all using a lot of energy. The hotel has 100 rooms, 3 restaurants and kitchens, 1 laundry outlet that is attached to the housekeeping department, 2 swimming pools, a spa, gym and quad biking within its large parcel of land. The hotel plans to increase its room capacity by 50% either by adding a storey to existing structures, or by building on the acreage available. It plans to increase its room capacity in line with energy saving standards. As the Project Manager of the hotel, I have been tasked with reviewing its carbonizing strategy by 2020. I will explain Malaica Hotels property CO2 emissions and how we will achieve energy efficiency in pursuit of this goal. The reduction of the hotels energy costs will create significant increases in revenue because energy prices and consumption rates are high at the moment. Malaica Hotel is a large business, with a huge consumption of energy. The facilities are in different buildings, leading to a less energy efficient mode of energy conservation. If the facilities had been constructed in one building, the cost of energy would have been lower. The local energy policies have affected the price of energy and the CO2 emissions, leading to high prices and consumption. The growth in hotel occupancy and new standards of living and consumption has led to an increase in our energy consumption. More facilities and services have been added over the years, with more intensive use of appliances and operating equipment. There are over 1,000 light fixtures in the hotel and they all consume a lot of electricity. Malaica Hotel consumes a lot of energy through temperature regulation for heating, hot water and air conditioning. It can reduce this overuse by setting temperature levels that are moderate inside the properties to avoid the extremes of temperatures being either too hot or too cold. Thermostats should be installed in the rooms to regulate the heating and water temperatures. The air conditioning systems will be renovated to include thermostats that are cooled down when no guests are using the facilities. Many of the rooms in the hotel have light bulbs that are high-consumption. We will install low-consumption bulbs and energy saving mini bars and TVs. Motion sensors installed in the guest rooms will automatically turn lights on or off when a person walks into a room or leaves it, and key cards will also be used for the rooms to stop usage when rooms are vacant. Our kitchen cookers use an average of 0.45 kg CO2 per kWh, therefore energy efficient stoves should be installed. The refrige ration systems are vast in the hotel due to the many activities undertaken that create a demand for cold drinks. Their use should be minimized and energy rated in order to reduce the CO2 emissions (Gill et al., 2012). Appliances in the kitchen should be changed to the energy-efficient kind and the kitchen grease generated should be turned into bio-dynamic fuel. The laundry department generates high CO2 emissions, so towels and linens should be reused, if guests allow it, with energy efficient equipment being used to clean all laundry. In our offices, electronic appliances will be used minimally and computers will be switched of when not in use. Renewable energy technology produces energy received from nature like the sun and wind, resulting in less dependence on fossil fuels (Yalcintas Kaya, 2009). Solar panels will be installed in all of Malaica Hotels facilities, especially for water heating, in order to reduce on electricity consumption. The panels will be used continuously and exclusively during the warm seasons of the year. The hotel staff should be trained on energy saving measures, and guests awareness on the same issue is to be raised. Huge savings can be realized by asking guests who are staying for more than one night to reuse their towels and bedding. This will save energy for the hotel, water and staff time. However, the program of reuse, if it is to be successful, must be followed through. The hotel is paying almost 40% of the energy bill towards reheating water. Its steam and hot water needs are huge, and the laundry system should provide an opportunity to reduce energy costs. Washing machines should be loaded to the nominal capacity. In the plans to build 50 more guest rooms, Malaica Hotel will use green energy. The new rooms will adopt new cost saving methods of heating and lighting. The building design technique used will maximize on the available sunlight and incorporate natural ventilation to reduce on the energy use. The building will have lots of shade for the periods when the temperature is too high. All of the above are goals that Malaica Hotel plans to implement by 2020, to help in the reduction of our carbon footprint, save energy and make more profits due to a reduction in expenditures (Schmidt, Schneider Hoffmann, 2012). Waste is a useful resource that can be used to reduce energy requirements. Malaica Hotel can use it to generate energy, thereby reducing its carbon emissions. Composting of waste would also reduce the hotels carbon emissions to a huge percentage. Bottled water, which is preferred by all of our guests, takes up a lot of energy in its processing and transportation. The bottles used for the water are mostly non-degradable, leading to a destruction of the environment. Therefore, Malaica Hotel should have two options. One is to ask the clients to use our tap water which is very clean and safe for consumption. The other would be for the hotel to bottle its own water with recycled bottles, in order to reduce the environmental impact. Malaica Hotel will engage in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), in order to adopt sustainable measures that will contribute to sustainable economic development. CSRs are defined as the basic principles by which a hotel can practice sustainability (Bohdanowicz Hawkins, 2011). The initiatives instituted voluntarily by Malaica Hotel will help the hotel to practice responsible business practices and improve on service performance by the use of standardized responsible business policies. The measures used will also increase the efficiency of the services offered in all the facilities. The hotel clients will also have a better experience, if they cooperate, towards lessening the carbon footprint of the hotel as they enjoy the services provided. The dependence by many organizations on fossil fuels needs to be reduced; therefore an alternative energy supply is critical in shifting the energy supply to more sustainable options. Energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies should be used to reduce the carbon footprints of hotels (Cabrini, 2009). There are some experts who have accused hotels of green washing (Abraham, 2009). There has been a rise in the number of hotels that are using green energy but some of them are accused of using it only as a marketing ploy to attract customers without providing the actual green measurements. Yet, there are hotels that actually implement the green measures to reduce costs and for their social responsibility (Abraham, 2009). Energy conservation saves costs, and studies indicate that 20% energy savings can be instituted by adding energy conservation and energy-efficiency measures in hotels (Bohdanowisz Hawkins, 2011; Kok, McGraw, Quigley, 2011; Simpson et al., 2008). There has been an existing gap between the motivations for companies to adopt sustainable energy measures, and the actual use of these measures. These motivations have been studied with perspectives on what prevents hotel managers from adopting sustainable measures (Graci, 2008). Some managers avoid implementing the measures because they see them as being an unnecessary expenditure, while others see the measures as being too expensive to implement. Many prioritize cost-effective measures with the aim of bringing recognition to their efforts at work. They invest in sustainable practices that will be visibly seen and appreciated by their guests as they facilitate marketing of their green efforts. References Abraham, P. (2009). Green hotels: A fad, ploy or fact of life? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28(1), 1. doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2008.09.001 Bohdanowicz, P., Hawkins, R. (2011). Responsible Hospitality: Theory and practice by Rebecca Hawkins, Paulina Bohdanowicz (Paperback, 2011). Goodfellow Publishers Limited. Retrieved from https://www.ebay.co.uk/ctg/Responsible-Hospitality-Theory-and-PracticeRebecca-Hawkins-Paulina-Bohdanowicz-Paperback-2011-/97625301 Cabrini, L. (2009). From Davos to Copenhagen and beyond: Advancing tourisms response to climate change. Presented at the UN Copenhagen Climate Change Conference, Madrid, Spain: UNWTO Carbon calculation tool. (2014). Green Key. Retrieved from https://www.greenkey.global/online-hcmi/. Conrady, R., Buck, M., Viehl, P., Tittel, K. (2011).Trends and issues in global tourism 2011. Heidelberg: Springer Graci, S. (2008). Environmental commitment in the tourism accommodation industry in Sanya, China. Univesity of Waterloo, Waterloo. Retrieved from https://uwspace.uwaterloo.ca/handle/10012/6/simple-search?query=sonya+graci Gill, S, Chatha, G, Tsolakis, A, Golunski, S, York, A 2012, 'Assessing the effects of partially decarbonising a diesel engine by co-fuelling with dissociated ammonia',International Journal Of Hydrogen Energy, 37, 7, pp. 6074-6083, British Library Document Supply Centre Inside Serials Conference Proceedings, EBSCOhost, viewed 10 October 2016. Kok, N., McGraw, M., Quigley, J. M. (2011). The diffusion of energy efficiency in building. American Economic Review, 101(3), 7782. doi:10.1257/aer.101.3.77 Koh, S, Genovese, A, Acquaye, A, Barratt, P, Rana, N 2013, 'Decarbonising product supply chains : design and development of an integrated evidence-based decision support system ; the supply chain environment analysis tool [SCEnAT]',International Journal Of Production Research : American Institute Of Industrial Engineers ; Society Of Manufacturing Engineers, 51, 7, pp. 2092-2109, ECONIS, EBSCOhost, viewed 10 October 2016. Ricaurte, E. (2011). Developing a sustainability measurement framework for hotels: Toward an industry-wide reporting structure. Cornell Hospitality Report. Simpson, M., Gossling, S., Scott, D., Hall, M., Gladin, E. (2008). Climate change adaptation and mitigation in the tourism sector. In the International Seminar on Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism Sector: Frameworks, Tools and Practices. Paris, France: UNEP, University of Oxford, UNWTO, WMO. Schmidt, T, Schneider, M, Hoffmann, V 2012, 'Decarbonising the power sector via technological change differing contributions from heterogeneous firms',Energy Policy, AGRIS, EBSCOhost, viewed 10 October 2016. Yalcintas, M., Kaya, A. (2009). Conservation vs. renewable energy: Cases studies from Hawaii. Energy Policy, 37(8), 32683273.

Hamlet10 Essay Example For Students

Hamlet10 Essay When was Hamlet written and who was the ruler of England?1600-1601 The king of England was James I, who was a great supporter of theater. In fact he patented the Chamberlains in 1603, and the company renamed itself The Kings Men. Who was the ghost? What does it tell Hamlet and how does he respond?The ghost was the King Hamlet, elder brother to Claudius who named himself King after King Hamlets death. The ghost told the tail of his murder. He explained to Hamlet that it was his uncle that pored poison into the king’s ear. It was also Claudius that seduced his mother Gertrude. Why is (what makes) Hamlet a tragic figure and Hamlet a tragedy?Traditional tragedy generally deals with extraordinary people i.e. Kings and Queens Princes and Princesses. When Hamlet wants nothing ells in life but too seek revenge for his father’s death which robbed him of his birthright. We find a Price trying to kill a King. When the hero Hamlet accomplishes his task all the royalty dies even our hero. Discuss the characters of Hamlet, Horatio and, Laertes. Hamlet Manic depressive. He loathes himself and awaits his fate. He is so evil and merciless, yet so loved by the people. A truly complex character one that you could truly relate to almost as you could a close friend. When I imagine putting a person of this nature into a that position. All I can think about is all the controversy. For I am not one that seeks revenge but have had the craving to inflict my pain back on to it’s source many of times. So I do understand where he is coming from but don’t always agree with his actions. I believe that Hamlet has some of the same feelings about himself. Take his hatred for his mother because she married Claudius. Yet a part of his mission was to protect his mother. Horatio Is a commoner and a true friend to Hamlet, also the only person Hamlet really trusts. He isn’t a stupid man, in fact he follows Hamlet’s word play very well. He also aids and agrees with most of Hamlet’s actions. He is the only person H amlet could trust in tell the truth about the slaying of his father and clearing his name. Because of this Hamlet would remain the people’s hero. Laertes He and Hamlet grew up together. Not being as well spoken as the Prince forced him to be more physical. His father was the aid to the king, his sister was the love of Hamlet. I believe that Laertes inspired to be like Hamlet but could never seem to make the grade. If I wanted to know what it was like in Hamlet’s shadow Laertes is the one I would ask. If you were to produce or direct Hamlet, why might you, or might you not update the language to make it more â€Å"accessible† or â€Å"relevant† or â€Å"hip† ?I if I was going to reproduce the picture I would redo the language in order to make it easier to read. I think people are turned off by Shakespeares works because the language is so hard to read. I know I am very interested in his works but resist because it is so hard for me to understand what is being said. I think the language also has it’s benefits as well. The old English helps set the stage giving the audience an great feel for the times. Arthur Miller’s theory about tragedy for the common man says that â€Å"I think the tragic feeling is evoked in us when we are in the presence of a character who is ready to lay down his life, if need be, to secure one thing – his sense of personal dignity.† I say this would describe Prince Hamlet’s feelings when he was on his qu est. If a common man could feel as Hamlet did and take similar action, what would you call it but tragedy? Tradition says that tragedy deals with kings and queens but in this day and age we run short of kings and queens. Do you not think it’s tragic that in some communities in the United States if you wear the wrong color you could be shot and killed in an effort to protect the sanctuary of your killer’s turf. .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .postImageUrl , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:hover , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:visited , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:active { border:0!important; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:active , .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0 .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u16317d1031b263006bf563cb34ff63b0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Revolutionary War and the Beggining of the New Rep EssayBibliography:

The Value of Comparison Essay Examples

The Value of Comparison Essay ExamplesSample comparison essay examples help to guide students through the process of preparing for and completing a comparative essay. A comparison essay is often a very difficult subject to do well and can be rather daunting for even the most confident student. One way to make your own comparisons is to use comparison essay examples and guidelines.The first major advantage of utilizing a guide to this kind of writing is that you will have a framework to work with, which can dramatically reduce the amount of stress you feel about preparing for your essay. Using sample comparison essay examples can often give you the important tips you need to prepare. By using these examples, you will be able to look at the same examples over again to see how they should apply to the kind of writing you want to do. They can also be a tremendous help in choosing the appropriate point of view for your essay.There are a variety of different approaches to the use of sample s in your essay, but there are some key elements to take into consideration when selecting samples for your essay. For example, if you are trying to compare apples and oranges, you are going to have a very difficult time choosing a sample that will accurately illustrate the differences between the two items. It may not be worth spending any money on a sample, because you will be comparing apples to oranges in no way.Even if you are trying to compare something of a more solid basis, such as apples and sports cars, you should still do a bit of research before you choose a sample for your essay. Take the time to sit down and review your topic and decide what kinds of items would be comparable, and try to think of examples of those items to use in your comparisons. When you come up with examples that are similar to your topic, think about whether the items are easy to compare, or whether they are more difficult. If you are comparing something that is easy to compare, it is probably a go od idea to try to do this yourself, without a sample.There are some other advantages to using examples in your essay. You can often get some real life experience by following the examples closely, and it can help you get a better idea of what is expected from you in the essay. This experience can sometimes be a deciding factor in whether you do a good job or a poor job, and it can help you get a better understanding of what the standard for quality should be.Another aspect to consider when using a sample is to look at the basic approach used in the examples. For example, there is a lot of variation in how students write the first paragraph of a paragraph essay. If you find that there is a lot of repetition, it is probably a good idea to look at some example essays that are much more creative. You might be surprised to find out that there is a lot more difference between the sentences you use in a couple of examples of comparison that are similar to your own essay than you would thin k.Taking the time to use comparison essay examples can be relatively simple, as long as you know what the basics are and how to manipulate the details of the examples to your advantage. The process can be made a lot easier by using the right types of examples. As long as you use them properly, you will be able to create a very successful essay.Keep in mind that you should always make sure that you are comparing items of similar importance and the actual differences between them, rather than simply repeating parts of what someone else has said. If you are too focused on the differences, your essay will be much less creative than it needs to be. Remember to take all of the elements into consideration when writing your essay and you will be able to use the sample comparison essay examples to your advantage.

Snowboarding Essay Example

Snowboarding Essay Brad Ogden Mr. Buffington English 104 2/17/11 There is nothing more beautiful than being a part of a community. A community is a group of people with a common interest or goal who interact with each other and unite together to make what they stand for special (Students, English 104, 2011). A community can be a school, a city, a team, or simply a hobby that is shared and enjoyed together. There is a community for almost anything and no matter how big or small it is, it means a great deal to the people that are a part of it. I would consider myself a part of numerous communities but one that I especially value would be the community of snowboarders. I have had a passion for snowboarding since I was very young and my passion has only grown and matured more as I have gotten older. This passion originated from a Disney movie, â€Å"Johnny Tsunami†, where the main character is a young snowboarder who is very talented and brave. I would watch this movie every chance that I got and it summoned my love for the sport because I could not think of anything cooler than becoming snowboarder. In the movie there was one quote that stuck with me and is still an essential value to myself, â€Å"Go big or go home. † That has stuck with me my whole life; it gave me the courage to get on a snowboard, has helped me stomp my first tricks, and helped me overcome many fears of injuring myself. That quote will stay with me and will continue to help me become a better snowboarder. Becoming a part of this community made me realize that I can say that I can consider a stranger on a snowboard somewhat of a brother or sister, which might sound strange but there is a connection between two people that share the same passion. We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Snowboarding specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The most important asset to every snowboarder that generates the passion for snowboarding is his or her snowboard. A snowboarder without a snowboard is like a soldier without a gun or a mom without a child, without it the title is deficient. The snowboard is the key to all the locked doors and with it you can reach unimaginable goals and keep the passion for the sport burning. I first got to experience the thrill of riding a snowboard when I was ten years old on a trip to Perfect North Slopes in Indiana with my best friend and his family of experienced skiers. My best friends mother insisted that I tried skiing before I got on a snowboard because snowboarding is apparently more difficult than skiing, which I found to be erroneous after falling several times on skis going down the bunny slope. After I traded my skis in for a snowboard the day became much more thrilling. The feeling I got from snowboarding on that day was almost as electrifying as the first time I fell in love, it was something that I continued think about everyday and no matter how badly it hurt me, I wanted go back for more. From that point on, each time I would hop off the ski lift it was like another adventure, and each time my love for it would grow. Of course I wasn’t hitting frontside indy grabs or 5400’s from the get-go, which are semi-difficult moves that include a series of spins and grabs while gliding through the air after hitting a jump. Just like every newcomer to the sport I had my fair share of spills. Throughout my years of snowboarding I have knocked teeth out, broken my tailbone and arm several times, dislocated my shoulder, and have simply fallen so hard that it seemed the snow beneath my board turned into asphalt as I approached the impact zone. Even though I have suffered these injuries I have continued to go out and push myself to become a better snowboarder. The snowboard brings numerous values to the table, such as determination and patience but it all depends on the rider and the thrill they are searching for. For some riders, it is a simple way to escape from the world of stress and hard times and is just a good time relaxing, for others it is simply another outdoor adventure, and for the people for whom it is more than a hobby like myself, it is a way of life. For us, snowboarding is used as a way to see how far we can push ourselves past the realm of apprehension into a place where we can be totally confident and fearless. Snowboarding introduced a plethora of values, which have all made me a more mature and diligent individual. Snowboarding can be very frustrating at times, it is not a sport that you can simply shoot from the hip and expect to become successful, which is why you have to be determined, patient, disciplined, confident, and outgoing. Determination is huge in snowboarding because if you’re not determined to get any better then you’re not going to, you have to want it so badly that you will to push yourself each run so that you can possibly become the next professional snowboarder chairman like Shaun White or Travis Rice. With determination comes patience, to get better you not only have to be determined to improve every time but you have to realize that it takes years to become a well-rounded snowboarder. Do you think 10-time snowboard gold medalist Shaun White hit a double mctwist 1260 or simply hurled himself off 22-foot edges of a half pipe with an accumulation of spins, flips and twists right off the bat? No, everything that White attempts on a snowboard is meticulously thought out and fine-tuned (RED, WHITE AND FLYING HIGH, Kirby, 2010). He practices regularly to continue to push the limits of physics and the human body, which lead to the creation of new tricks and the growth of a more extreme snowboarding community. Patience goes hand-in-hand with discipline. Riding can become very frustrating so it is crucial that you keep a good head on your shoulders and rise each time that you fall. If you fall nine times you must stand up ten times and to do that you must be confident and outgoing on every single run. Second guessing yourself on a snowboard is very dangerous because if you are not confident during an attempt to land a trick then you will hurt yourself physically and mentally even more than if you were to give all your effort and still fall. You cannot be scared of the potential appalling outcomes from snowboarding because if you are fearful that you might hurt yourself or embarrass yourself then you will not be able to completely push yourself to your greatest capabilities. Snowboarding is one of the most difficult sports to be good at, it takes a very long time to become consistent and successful but if you put forth all the values that are installed in a good snowboarder, you yourself can become a talented rider as well. Another beautiful aspect of the snowboarding community is its fashion. Snowboarding is a hybrid culture, which combines aspects of grunge, punk and hippy cultures, and more latterly hip-hop and dance cultures, amongst others (Snowboarders vs. Skiers, Edensor and Richards, 2005). These diverse cultures, which all have different styles, wear very similar clothing while n the slopes because of the demands for the fashion. These styles typically include baggy pants, beanie hats and jackets. Unlike other sports where you can tell how talented a person is from their body type, snowboarders clothing styles assume great prominence in achieving distinction amongst members of the community. Most of the time you can look at a boarder and tell ho w good he or she is simply by what they are wearing (Pollio, 20, snowboarder). I wear baggy pants, a plain shirt, a black pinstriped jacket, a black or blue beanie, and goggles. This is the basic swagger of a snowboarder but there are other reasons for wearing this clothing other than it looks cool and that everyone else in the community wears something similar. For example, I wear baggy pants because loose clothes are required for maneuverability when doing tricks and turns on a snowboard. The catch to looking good on the slopes is not only to dress like you know how to snowboard; you have to ride like you know how to snowboard. Someone could walk out with a brand new board and you would think he is good initially but once he falls numerous times you would consider him a poser or a lame. Clothes are subordinate to the performance of a snowboarder but they are intimately linked to the degree of skill of the wearer. Not everyone seeing snowboarder’s style as â€Å"cool† or fashionable, some of the biggest haters of snowboarders are skiers. There has always been tension between the community of snowboarders and the community of skiers since each of the sports was created. Snowboarders refer to skiers as conformist, over-cautious and inexpressive. Skiers refer to snowboarders as subversive, reckless and boisterous. You could say that these stereotypes are true to a certain degree. Snowboarders and skiers have a serious problem with sharing the snow, which is where these stereotypes start to reveal themselves. A snowboarder would be considered reckless because he or she will cut off a skier because skiers go too slowly and they somehow are always in a snowboarder’s way. A snowboarder would seem subversive because they are rebellious and do whatever they please on the slopes simply because they can and want to see a reaction out of a skiing passerby, and they would seem boisterous because that’s how they are; full of energy, rowdy, unruly, and always excited. Skiers think they are superior to snowboarders because their sport has been around longer and it is more proper and professional, when in reality they are no better than any snowboarder. The conflicts between snowboarders and skiers are part of a broader, uneven process in which the competing performances of their diverse styles of movement attempt to claim space (Snowboarders vs. Skiers, Edensor and Richards, 2005). Snowboarders and skiers are in an ongoing battle to territorialize space, to claim it from other users and from those who have controlled space by establishing rules and conventions about what constitute appropriate embodied functions, performances and symbolic meanings (Snowboarders vs. Skiers, Edensor and Richards, 2005). The snowboarding community is constantly growing and the members of it are pushing the sport to limits that have not been reached yet. The best part about those limits is that they are infinite and thanks to professional snowboarders like Shaun White, young snowboarders are inspired to achieve something as great as him. Riders like White prove that the capabilities of snowboarders are limitless because after each goal made there is more that can be done to improve it. Snowboarding is a sport with no boundaries; you can ride down a slope as fast as you want, you can ride through the woods weaving your way in and out of trees, grind on a rail or a tabletop, hit whatever trick you want, make up a trick, descend off of a mountain pinnacle and the list goes on. It is a sport that will keep growing and will continuously be taken to heights that only ascend. There is no telling what the future holds for snowboarding; with the next generation of snowboarders comes another potential boarder who will completely flip the snowboarding game on its head, kids are starting to snowboard at an early age and they will develop the sport into something more mind-blowing and awesome than it is right now. With a new generation of snowboarders comes a new generation impossible tricks that are already in the process of being mastered by professional snowboarders all around the world. The community of snowboarders is very special because even if a snowboarder is not trying to change the pace of the game, they are simply having a great time with fellow snowboarders and that is all that matters. For snowboarders like myself, we want to take snowboarding to the next level and that determination keeps pushing us boarders past the fear of injuries and failure to the thrones and the mountaintops. Works Cited Edensor, Tim, and Sophia Richards. Snowboarders vs Skiers: Contested Choreographies of the Slopes. Leisure Studies 26. 1 (2007): 97-114. Print. Marquardt, Katy. â€Å"King of the Hill in Snowboards. † U. S. News World Report (2008) Vol. 145, Issue 7 Kirby, Jason. RED, WHITE AND FLYING HIGH. 123. 8 (2010). Print. Murphey, Austin. Good n Ugly. Snowboarding 10. 8 (2009). Print.

Freezing Rain Definition

Freezing Rain Definition While beautiful to look at, freezing rain is one of the most hazardous types of winter precipitation. Accumulations of just several tenths of an inch of freezing rain may not sound significant, but are more than enough to break tree limbs, down power lines (and cause power outages), and coat and cause slick roadways. The Midwest often gets devastating storms of this nature. Rain that Freezes On Contact Freezing rain is a bit of a contradiction. The freezing part of its name implies frozen (solid) precipitation, but the rain implies its a liquid. So, which is it? Well, its kind of both. Freezing rain happens when precipitation falls as liquid raindrops, then freezes as it hits individual objects on the ground whose temperatures are below 32 degrees Fahrenheit. The ice that results is called glaze ice because it covers the objects in a smooth coating. This happens in winter whenever temperatures at ground-level are below freezing but the layer of air overhead is warm at mid- and high levels of the atmosphere. So it is the temperature of objects at the earths surface, not the rain itself, that determines if the precipitation will freeze. Its important to note that freezing rain is in liquid form until it strikes a cold surface. Oftentimes, the water droplets are supercooled (their temperature is below freezing, yet they remain liquid) and freeze on contact. How Fast Freezing Rain Freezes While we say that freezing rain freezes on impact when it strikes a surface, in reality, it takes a little time for the water to turn to ice. (How long depends on the temperature of the water drop, the temperature of the object the drop strikes, and the size of the drop. The quickest drops to freeze will be small, supercooled drops that hit objects whose temperatures are well below 32 degrees.) Because freezing rain doesnt necessarily freeze right away, icicles and dripping icicles will sometimes develop.   Freezing Rain vs. Sleet Freezing rain and sleet are similar in a lot of ways. They both start out high in the atmosphere as snow, then melt as they fall into a warm (above freezing) layer of air. But while the partially melted snowflakes that eventually turn into sleet will fall through a brief warm layer, then re-enter a deep enough cold layer to turn back into ice (sleet), in a freezing rain setup, the melted snowflakes dont have enough time to freeze (into sleet) before reaching the ground since the layer of cold air is too thin.  Ã‚   Sleet not only differs from freezing rain in how it forms, but what it looks like. Whereas sleet appears as tiny clear ice pellets that bounce when they hit the ground, freezing rain coats the surfaces it strikes with a layer of smooth ice.   Why doesnt it just snow? In order to get snow, temperatures throughout the atmosphere would need to remain below-freezing with no warm layer to be found. Remember, if you want to know the type of precipitation youll get at the surface in wintertime, youll want to look at what the temperatures are (and how theyre changing) from high up in the atmosphere all the way down to the surface. Heres the bottom line: Snow forms if the entire layer of air aloft and near the ground is sub-freezing.Sleet forms if the layer of sub-freezing air is fairly deep (approx. 3,000 to 4,000 feet thick).Freezing rain forms if the sub-freezing layer is very shallow, with cold temperatures at the surface only.Rain forms if the cold layer is too shallow.

Global climate change is invetable Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Global climate change is invetable - Essay Example Some people are of the opinion that climate change has occurred because of man’s activities that have interfered with nature. Others argue that the climate changes are natural cycles that occur after certain periods, and they have nothing to do with human activities. The essay will focus on both sides of the opposing viewpoints. It will examine why there is global warming and also its causes. The essay will also focus on the views against global warming. Because global temperature changes occurred mostly during the rapid industrial period, global warming is real, and its effects are tremendous. The presence of greenhouse gases causes global warming. A certain percentage of global warming occurs naturally because of greenhouse gases present in the atmosphere. Such naturally present greenhouse gases trap radiation within the atmosphere, causing a rise in temperature and changes in climatic patterns. The rise due to such natural causes is usually minimal and negligible. However, noticeable changes in global climatic patterns occur due to the heightened concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (Gulledge, 2012, 6). The increase in concentration of greenhouse gases is attributed to increased industrial activities since the start of 20th century. The increase in concentration implies that more radiation will be trapped in the atmosphere. Industrial activities, which lead to increased carbon emission into the atmosphere, have risen throughout the 20th and 21st centuries causing global warming. For instance, the highest warming has occurred during the last decade with gl obal average temperature rising by 0.51o C relative to 1950s to 1980s (Huang, Wang, Luo, Zhao & Wen, 2012, 39). Model simulations of the greenhouse effect have also indicated that increased greenhouse gases cause global warming. When global average temperature variations are reproduced in model

Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics - Assignment Example At the core of the concern for methodology in economics is a concern on how economics acquire knowledge on the world and what methodologies economics use to expand the frontiers of that knowledge. Also closely related to the concern is the discipline’s notion of what constitutes science and what knowledge can be considered as scientific or what knowledge can be considered as lacking a scientific basis or foundation. According to Hausman (1989, p. 115), the literature on economic methodology is mainly concerned with confirmation or disconfirmation of theory and has usually revolved on whether a particular economics is good science. Milton Friedman had viewed that good economic theories provide correct and useful predictions while Paul Samuelson had upheld that economic theories must involve operational concepts that are equivalent to their descriptions (Hausman, 1989, p.115). For Hausman, however, these views are mistaken because many of economic theorizing have been conceptual explorations and theories do not necessarily offer empirical hypotheses. According to Hauman, the four approaches that have dominated the discussion on economic methodology are deductivism, positivism or Popperianism, predictionism, and eclecticism. Hausman (1989) associates deductivism with Johan Stuart Mill, the discussion on positivism or Popperianism with Mark Blaug, predictionism with Milton Friedman, and eclecticism with Donald McCloskey. Deductivism asserts that because so many causal factors can influence economic phenomena, experimentation is generally not possible and induction cannot be directly employed (Hausman, 1989, p. 116, 3rd paragraph). The deductivist solution is to derive inductively the psychological or technical laws and then deduce the economic implications from the laws that were discovered inductively (Hausman, 1989, p. 116, 3rd paragraph). Empirical tests are needed to check whether the empirically derived conclusions are applicable, whether the

Introduction To Workforce Diversity Commerce Essay

Introduction To Workforce Diversity Commerce Essay Workplace diversity refers to the extent to which an organization is culturally diverse. Cultural diversity includes the range of ways in which people experience a unique group identity, which includes gender, sexual orientation, race, ethnic and age. An organizations culture tends to determine the extent to which it is culturally diverse. In a journal entitled  The multicultural organization, by Taylor Cox, Jr., Cox talks about three organization types which focus on the development on cultural diversity. The three organization types are: the monolithic organization, the plural organization, and the multicultural organization. In the monolithic organization, the amount of structural integration (the presence of persons from different cultural groups in a single organization) is very minimal. In the United States, this organization usually represents white male majorities in the overall employee population with few women and minority men in management jobs. The plural organization has a more heterogeneous membership than the monolithic organization and takes steps to be more inclusive of persons from cultural backgrounds that differ from the dominant group. The multicultural organization not only contains many different cultural groups, but it values this diversity. Benefits 1. It helps motivating employees. 2. It enhances the innovation and creativity of employees. 3. It helps in reducing cost. 4. It creates flexibility in the organization. 5. Immediate access to problem solving. 6. Easy transfer of knowledge. 7. Better marketing structure. 8. Innovative work environment. 9. Immediate outcomes. 10. Fulfillment of social responsibility. 11. It helps attract and retain employees. Challenges Miscommunication and lack of understanding is bound to happen in diverse workplaces. Having a policy of diversity and utilizing team-building exercises can help employees learn to communicate and respect each other. Diversity training should be implemented from the top through the bottom of the company hierarchy. Employees are more likely to consider policies fair if those policies can be seen firmly in place at the manager level. Having zero tolerance for harassment and discrimination can help companies avoid costly lawsuits. Action Steps First, assess your companys diversity across all departments. It may help objectivity to hire an outside consultant to perform a diversity assessment. Document what things you want to change, and then make a plan to start diversifying your business. Set up reasonable goals for your company; you may want to revisit your companys policy of diversity every quarter or annually. Be aware of the difference between pursuing workplace diversity and affirmative action. Affirmative action, which is the process of considering a persons racial background during the hiring process, has been challenged in the courts. The Supreme Court has generally frowned on workplace quotas. Employers should be careful to avoid reverse discrimination during the staffing process. For example, pursuing workplace diversity is not the same as having positions that are only open to women or people of color; this is illegal. [Cultural bias  is an additional factor which challenges culturally diverse work environments. Cultural bias includes both  prejudice  and  discrimination. Prejudice refers to negative attitudes toward an organization member based on his/her culture group identity, and discrimination refers to observable adverse behavior for the same reason Another challenge faced by culturally diverse organizational environments is  assimilation. Assimilation into the dominant organizational culture is a strategy that has had serious negative consequences for individuals in organizations and the organizations themselves. Those who assimilate are denied the ability to express their genuine selves in the workplace; they are forced to repress significant parts of their lives within a social context that frames a large part of their daily encounters with other people. She goes on to mention that People who spend significant amounts of energy coping with an alien environment have less energy left to do their jobs. Assimilation does not just create a situation in which people who are different are likely to fail, it also decreases the productivity of organizations. (WIKIPEDIA) EVOLUTION OF WORKFORCE DIVERSITY http://www.ehow.com/about_5066229_characteristics-workplace-diversity.html Workplace diversity was first encouraged in the U.S. by the passing of the Equal Pay Act in 1963. This law required equal pay for men and women performing the same job. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national origin. This included making hiring or firing decisions based on these backgrounds. So far, sexual orientation is not one of the federally protected categories under equal rights laws. However,  businesses may incorporate sexual orientation consideration when embracing workplace diversity.]] IBM first company to start work force diversity http://www.citehr.com/46309-ppt-managing-diversity.html IBM figured in the Fortune magazines list of Americas Most Admired Companies in the year 2004. It was appreciated for recruiting and retaining the best talent across the world. IBM actively encouraged recruiting people from various social and cultural backgrounds irrespective of their age, sex or physical status. In the same year, IBM had developed a talent marketplace to effectively manage its workforce. The marketplace supported employees to find the most suitable job across different organizational units within the company. The ranking was based on eight variables like employee talent, innovation, use of corporate assets, social responsibility, quality of management, financial soundness, long-term investment value, and quality of products/services5. Later, in the 1970s and 1980s, as IBM started operating in other countries outside the US, it actively promoted diversity. The company developed a well-structured diversity policy and implemented it within the organization. During the 1990s, diversity council and network groups were formed to promote diversity In the early 2000s, a skilled workforce was one of the key differentiators for a successful IT company. IBM gave importance to not only recruiting and retaining the best talent but also to managing them in such a way that wastage of skills was reduced. In 2004, IBM developed Human Capital Management Services software to implement a talent management model within the organization. According to analysts, IBMs focus on talent management enabled the company to utilize its workforce properly and also to assess its future talent needs. They felt that the best practices in talent management could be further used to formulate and implement succession planning and leadership development strategies. Work Force Diversity at IBM Diversity at the work place in the US originated from the concept of EEO in the 1940s. At IBM, Watson Jr. issued the first equal opportunity policy letter in 1953. Later, it came under government compliance under the Civil Rights Act of the US in 1964. With the onset of globalization in the 1980s, organizations initiated efforts to broaden their marketplace. In an attempt to sustain themselves amidst the continuously increasing competition, they started doing business across the world. This trend made it important for them to focus on diverse cultures across borders in order to offer products and services that suited the specific needs of different markets. LITERATURE REVIEW In todays society, cultural diversity is at the highest point it has ever been. As companies are becoming more diverse, it is becoming more important for them to understand and manage that diversity. People of different backgrounds, races, ages, sex, and/or religions create a diverse workforce. There is an importance of having a diverse workforce in order to provide better performance overall. With a diverse workforce, there arises a need for new management strategies, which require organization leaders and managers to know the differences among their employees and to know how to handle situations involving these differences. As Dr. Sondra Thiederman, a leading expert in workplace diversity, stated, whether you are a business owner, executive, salesperson or customer- service professional, your success will increasingly depend on your ability to function in a culturally diverse marketplace (Thiederman, 2000).   The growth in diversity is continually on the rise. Today, one in four people in this country belong to a minority or are foreign-born (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001). These minorities are considered include any person who is not a white-male. Women today, who currently make up less than half the work force, are expected to fill 65 percent of the jobs created during this decade (Jackson et al., 1998).   Cornell Cooperative Extension, February 1998 http://www.joe.org/joe/1998february/a1.php Strategies for recruiting a diverse workforce are illustrated by case examples from the three stages in Cornell Cooperative Extensions staffing process. Organizational change to address diversity and pluralism requires a change in organizational culture. In the process of recruiting staff from diverse backgrounds, Cornell Cooperative Extension is creating new rules to become more inclusive. Implications indicate that retaining staff from diverse backgrounds needs to be as high a priority as recruiting them. Preparing the workplace to support staff from diverse backgrounds requires greater attention. Changing organizational behavior is the first step in creating a workplace that supports diversity and pluralism. Strategies for helping organizations become more inclusive are reviewed.  Workplace diversity means new opportunities for both employees and employers. As organizations such as Cooperative Extension move into the 21st century, it is imperative to capitalize on the talents of employees from diverse backgrounds because it is their differences that enrich us, expand us, [and] provide us the competitive edge ALLIED SOFT( www.microsoft.com/casestudies) need to develop and manage your globally dispersed and diverse workforce more effectively without sending your costs sky-high. To do that, you need scalable, advanced people management technology that drives your HR strategy across culture, nation and language so you can efficiently manage your workforce, no matter where in the world they may be. By Juliet Midgley and Rae Lewis http://www.onlineethics.org/cms/10977.aspx Adjusting to diversity involves developing a new corporate culture that will work naturally for all. This culture has not yet been fully developed, although companies such as Honeywell, Aldrich Associates, and Pacific Bell are making the effort. According to Robert Roosevelt Thomas, pioneers will be needed to forge and solidify this new area of management and business. He envisions that diversity will be fully achieved and effectively managed only in such a way as to get from a heterogeneous work force the same productivity, commitment, quality, and profit that we got from the old homogeneous work force. Creating diverse workforce greatest challenge for global firms By  Ã‚  Ã‚  IANS Tuesday,17 June 2008 http://www.siliconindia.com/shownews/42798 Creation of diverse workforce would be the greatest challenge for corporations in a globalised world, Infosys Technologies chairman and chief mentor N.R. Narayana Murthy said here Saturday.As corporations grow and globalise, I am convinced that the greatest challenge they will face will be the creation of a diverse workforce, Murthy told shareholders at the companys 27th annual general meeting (AGM) for fiscal 2008.   In a bid to address the daunting challenge, Infosys has built a global base to grow in the future, with over 91,000 employees from 70 nationalities working across 90 countries. During 2007-08, the company recruited a record 33,177 people against its projected hiring plans for 25,000.As a global firm with a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic workforce and delivery centres, Murthy said the IT bellwether had taken several measures to create a high-level of diversity in its workforce by enhancing its recruiting efforts in different countries.Though Infosys receives a whopping one million job applications every year, just 2.3 percent of them are offered employment. We continue to hire from the best universities the world over and train them in our global education centre at Mysore in Karnataka. The first batch of graduates from Britain were hired in the last fiscal, Murthy pointed out.Riding on the success of its hiring and training programmes in Britain and the US, Infosys plans to extend the same to many other counties to build a world-class global workforce. Murthy also informed the shareholders that the education centre at Mysore, about 140 km from Indias IT hub, would be one of the worlds largest such facility where 13,000 graduates can be trained at a time, with about 500 faculty rooms and 10,300 residential rooms. Infosyss Globalization Strategy Posted in:  Ã‚  Business  Monday 23rd, June 2008 http://blogs.siliconindia.com/RajSheelvant/P0wU18365916020 Creation of diverse workforce would be the greatest challenge for corporations in a globalized world, says Infosys Technologies chairman and chief mentor N.R. Narayana Murthy according to Silicon India article Creating diverse workforce greatest challenge for global firms. The only way to overcome ethno-centric corporate culture is to have multi-ethnic and multi-national top executives.  Infosys needs to create diversity at the top executive level first.  That will have a long term affect of neutralizing ethno-centric corporate culture and building a truly global organization.  That is the  onlyway for Infosys or any other company to achieve globalization strategy. Globalisation and workforce diversity: HRM implications for multinational corporations in Singapore. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Globalisation+and+workforce+diversity:+HRM+implications+for-a0166537374 This paper presents findings based on a study involving local and foreign medium to large-sized multinational corporations (MNCs) in Singapore. The findings highlight the connection between the stages of organisational development, headquarters-subsidiary orientation, and increasing workforce diversity in MNCs. The following section discusses the political, economic and social imperatives in the Asia-Pacific region as regional political and business leaders emphasise on strengthening institutional capacities to develop and implement effective strategies and practices that will provide a foundation for human resources development in response to globalisation (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, 1999, 2000a/b, 2001a/b). Subsequently, this will bring about significant organisational changes in firm structures. This study examines the impact of globalisation in Singapore as a result of such regional developments. The justification for the study in Singapore stems from the fact that it is strategically positioned in this particular region, whereby the nations leadership have placed much emphasis on strengthening institutional capacities to develop and implement effective national policies and strategies that will provide a foundation for continuous economic growth in the 21st century.   Attahir Yusuf International Journal of Management and Enterprise Development 2005 Vol. 2, No.2   pp.  240 256 (http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordHYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orHYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orrec_id=6313HYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orHYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orprevQuery=HYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orHYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orps=10HYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orHYPERLINK http://www.inderscience.com/search/index.php?action=recordrec_id=6313prevQuery=ps=10m=orm=or) The study explored workforce diversity in the under-studied Arabian Gulf. Specifically, it investigated what small enterprises are doing right with respect to workforce diversity and what they are not doing right. It also studied the relationship between motivation to diversify, level of education, gender and level of workforce diversification in small enterprises. The result indicated that the organisations are doing much more towards diversification and there is also a positive and significant relationship between education and the level of workforce diversification in the SME sector. Diversified firms are also reported as recording higher performance levels compared to non-diversified firms. Human resource practices and workforce diversity:an empirical assessment . Author(s):  Brian DNetto, Amrik S. Sohal,1999 http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6296A766136AA92DD3DBF557AE9AFEC8?contentType=ArticleHYPERLINK http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6296A766136AA92DD3DBF557AE9AFEC8?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=848256HYPERLINK http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6296A766136AA92DD3DBF557AE9AFEC8?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=848256hdAction=lnkhtmlHYPERLINK http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6296A766136AA92DD3DBF557AE9AFEC8?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=848256HYPERLINK http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6296A766136AA92DD3DBF557AE9AFEC8?contentType=ArticlehdAction=lnkhtmlcontentId=848256contentId=848256 Workforce diversity has become an important issue in Australia. This study examined the extent to which human resource management practices were being used by organisations in Australia to manage workforce diversity. The study also assessed the perceived challenges and benefits of diversity in the workforce. The findings of this study indicated that overall, management of workforce diversity is only mediocre. In particular, inadequate diversity management practices were found in the areas of recruitment and selection and training and development. As migrant employees do not create any problems and are very compliant, the challenges that workforce diversity presents does not receive adequate attention by organisations in Australia. However, these organisations seek several benefits from their multicultural workforce. by Carol T. Schreiber , Karl F. Price , Ann Morrison In the early 1970s, labor demographers were observing changes in the composition of the U.S. workforce that were expected to modify domestic employment patterns in the coming decades. In 1976 a Conference Board report forecast that the 1980s decade would see higher percentage increases in labor force participation rates for white women and minorities than for white men given continuation of current trends (Lecht, 1976, p.8). When the mid-1980s arrived, demographers, noting that anticipated workforce changes had occurred, predicted further acceleration of the trend by the milestone year 2000. Workforce 2000 projections forecast continuing increases in labor force participation for previously under-represented demographic groups, especially women and people of color. These projections indicated that by the year 2000, working womens representation in the labor force would increase to 47% (of the labor force); African-Americans to 12%; Hispanics to 10% and Asians to 4%; building on tren ds already apparent in labor force participation rates (Fullerton, 1989). R. M. Wentling, N. Palma-Rivas There are numerous ways in which diversity has been defined, there is no definition that fully includes all the characteristics that a diverse population may bring to the workplace. It also showed that there are many forces that are driving diversity issues in organizations. For example, there is a significant increase in women and minority populations in the workplace; Americans continue to mature; an increasing number of minority youths are becoming part of the workforce; gay men, lesbians, and bisexual individuals are becoming an important part of the workforce and marketplace; people with disabilities are also increasingly entering the labor force; and more business is becoming global. This literature review indicates that the demographic composition is affecting not only the makeup of the labor workforce but also the makeup of the marketplace. Therefore, having a diverse workforce and managing it properly is perceived as a competitive strategy that can not only help attract diverse customers but also employees who have different perspectives that can contribute to the creativity of the organization. This review also indicated that researchers have found that an important reason for implementing diversity initiatives in organizations is to improve corporate productivity and profitability. Ongori Henry and Agolla J. Evans University of Botswana, Botswana.Accepted 27, June 2007 The extent to which managers recognize diversity and its potential advantages and disadvantages defines an organizations approach to managing the diversity (Adler, 1997). No organisation in this world of globalisation would survive without workforce diversity. It is the duty of the management to critically evaluate the benefits of workforce diversity in their organisation. On the other hand the management should put in place conditions which would enhance the workforce diversity in their organizations, more especially in their strategies formulation on the diversity of the workforce. Hence, with the diversity of the workforce, the organisation would be internally and externally competitive. Although, the process of diversification of organizations has six stages: denial; recognition; acceptance; appreciation; valuing; and utilization (Porras, 1991). It is believed that organizations should put in place strategies to enhance workforce diversity. In terms of organizational learning, organizations are still stuck on the problem of getting people to value diversity and have not yet determined ways to utilize and exploit it COMPANIES HANDLING WORKFORCE DIVERISTY ATT Commitment to Employees ATT realizes that diverse, talented and dedicated people are key to a companys success. The companys philosophy is to provide employees with continued opportunities to grow and develop their careers. Management is charged with successful implementation of various diversity initiatives as part of this philosophy. ATT leaders are expected to understand the importance of cultural competency. Training and Career Development We want to help our people grow and develop in their careers. In 2008, we invested $244 million in employee training and development programs and an additional $25 million on tuition reimbursement for employees. And 100 percent of our employees receive regular performance and career development reviews. Employee Resource Groups At ATT, Employee Resource Groups (ERGs) are affinity groups open to all employees. The ERGs support our commitment to diversity and inclusion through efforts in the workplace, the marketplace and the community. Were proud to work with these groups to further the goals, values and interests of both our employees and our company.   GENERAL MILLS http://www.generalmills.com/corporate/commitment/workforce.aspx We believe that diverse teams create more and better solutions. A diverse work force helps us stay ahead of our competitors through growth and innovation. Employee Networks General Mills Employee Networks provide a supportive, positive forum for developing, sharing, and exchanging information and ideas. They support our strategic work force objectives by: Attracting and retaining a highly talented diverse work force. Creating and maintaining an inclusive work force environment. Providing a voice to our leadership regarding barriers and opportunities. Providing a support system and forum for exchanging information and ideas. American Express American Express was well known in American corporate circles for its commitment to diversity. The company not only made a conscious effort to recruit a diverse workforce, but it also created a work culture where diversity was valued and promoted. This case discusses the diversity initiatives of AmEx. It talks about how the company partnered with several profit and non profit organizations to ensure that it had access to a diverse pool of candidates in its recruitment efforts. It also talks about the culture and policies at AmEx that ensured that diversity was promoted in all parts of the organization. The case concludes with a commentary on the extent to which the diversity initiatives were successful at the company, in the light of a law suit filed by some women employees against the discrimination they faced. Diversity at Amex Diversity was an integral part of the culture at AmEx. AmEx believed that focusing on diversity was one of the ways to gain competitive advantage in the rapidly expanding global markets.   Having a diverse workforce allowed AmEx to obtain a better understanding of the varied markets it operated in. Diversity has been defined in various ways by experts. The narrow definition, the one pertaining to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in the US, defined diversity in terms of gender, race, ethnicity, nationality, age, religion, and disability. However, over the years the concept of diversity widened to include parameters like marital status, language, sexual orientation and tenure with the organization. AmEx embraced and promoted diversity in the broad sense, and its diversity initiatives covered a large number of groups including women, minorities, senior employees, people with disabilities, and homosexuals. ACCENTURE DIVERSITY Accenture is passionately committed to cultivating a diverse workforce both because its the right thing to do, and its a key element of achieving high performance, said Armelle Carminati-Rabasse, Accentures managing director of Human Capital and Diversity globally. Our company comprises people from a wide range of cultural, educational and geographic backgrounds-people who are able to challenge conventional thought, offer unique perspectives and generate innovative ideas. Our rich diversity is part of what makes our company strong. GOOGLE DIVERSITY Diversity plays a large role in the way were developing our engineering organization around the world. Were building a large worldwide office presence to establish ample global representation among our engineers, and were applying that same focus to establish a balanced representation of employees at Google. In the end, these efforts help us more accurately and relevantly represent our users, and our continued success depends on the best minds working from different perspectives and insights. Alan Eustace Google SVP, Engineering Research INFOSYS DIVERSITY Globalization has changed the character of the modern workplace global companys employee base should reflect the diversity of the world it serves. Infosys strives to employ people representing the widest possible variety of nationalities, cultures, genders and gender identities, sexual orientations, employment histories, and levels of physical ability. In doing so, the company is able to recruit new employees from all available global talent pools and provide paths to employment to all members of world societies, including talented individuals from groups who may have in the past been underrepresented within the IT industry. Within such a diverse company, people bring to the workplace contrasting opinions and worldviews. As these people interact, they develop new ideas, methods, and perspectives. Infosys recognizes and promotes this power of diversity to drive innovation. Infosys actively fosters inclusivity across all of its business units and in every one of its company offices. It encourages all employees to focus on the commonalities they share and leverage their differences towards productive teamwork. Inclusivity ultimately makes for a more informed and sensitive employee base that is better able to serve clients. Infosys was the first Indian IT company to establish a company office to manage and drive all company initiatives dealing with diversity and inclusion. Today they have employees from over 70 countries. Women constitute more than 32% of their workforce. TCS DIVERSITY Diversity in companies is no longer about being melting pots, but being salad bowls, according to Grady Searcy. We want people to retain their identity yet be integrated into the company Currently, 7.5 per cent of our workforce consists of non-Indians, said Mr. S PADMANABHAN,EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT and head Global human resource, TCS said while speaking at the NASSCOM HR Summit on `The War for Talent held recently in Chennai. In a session on managing cross-cultural teams, speakers emphasized that managing a diverse workforce is no longer a choice, but an imperative. The Indian workplace is no different from global MNCs.TCS has announced plans to hire about 4,000 people from across the world. DIVERSITY MANAGEMENT AT HYATT HOTELS Formation of diversity councils at thecorporate and hotel levels Provide scholarships for minority students pursuing degrees in hospitality management Partnerships with national minority organizations. Create action plans to increase women and minority representationat all management levels. Creating a diverse workforce is visible in the faces of the total workforce. Hyatt Mumbai has 46% females. At managerial position 37% are females. Training allows the employees to work more efficiently by developing effective management practices to include treating others with dignity and respect Training allows the employees to work more efficiently by developing effective management practices to include treating others with dignity and respect Reliance Energy Management Institute (REMI) looks after the training of the managerial staff Versova Technical Training Centre (VTTC) looks after the training of the technical staff Managers can also have special training programs arranged if required by the employees. It forms a connecting link between the regular workers and the upper management. The contract labours have unorganized labour unions to solve their problems. Diversity- The India Inc. Way Bharti Enterprises and American Express have mandated their recruitment agencies to have 25 % and 33% women candidates at the interview stage. Infosys BPO employs 112 people